In considering the distinction between knowledge and belief in this book, we take the view that belief is fundamental and knowledge is simply belief where the outside world happens to be cooperating (the belief is true, is arrived at by appropriate means, is held for the right reasons, and so on). Describe an interpretation of the terms where knowledge is taken to be basic and belief is understood in terms of it.

It has become fashionable to attempt to achieve intelligent behavior in AI systems without using propositional representations. Speculate on what such a system should do when reading a book on South American geography