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a. Explain the following terms: (10 Marks)
i. Computer operating system
ii. Device driver
iii. Process control block
iv. Critical resource
v. Context switch
b. There are two techniques by which a program executing in user mode can request the kernel’s services.
List these techniques. (2 Marks)
c. In your own words, list any four goals of operating systems. (4 Marks)
d. There are several conditions that might necessitate for the termination of a certain process. List any five
reasons why a process might terminate. (5 Marks)
e. Explain the following types of operating systems. (9 Marks)
i. Real-time operating system
ii. Multi-user operating system
iii. Distributed operating system
QUESTION TWO – 20 MARKS
a. Explain the concept of virtual memory and the role served by a virtual memory. (2 Marks)
b. Computers in most cases employ the concept of virtual memory. Whenever a page fault occurs and all the
page frames in primary memory have been loaded with a page from virtual memory, the memory manager
must decide which page to swap out of primary memory in order to load the requested page. Various
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different algorithms known as replacement polices are employed to determine the best page to replace.
Discuss any three of these replacement policies. (9 Marks)
c. Explain the following three methods of storing or organizing files on a computer hard disc. (9 Marks)
i. Contiguous allocation method
ii. Indexed allocation method
iii. Linked allocation method
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