Section 8(d) of the NLRA defines mandatory subjects of bargaining as “wages, hours, and other terms and conditions of employment.” Consider which of the following examples are mandatory subjects of bargaining:

a. Whether players can be fined for leaving the bench and going onto the field when there is an altercation among other players

b. The dimensions of a hockey rink or baseball field

c. The addition (in the National League) or elimination (in the American League) of baseball’s designated hitter rule

d. The expansion or contraction of the number of teams in a league, including which teams and locations will be affected