.
a) State the functional distinction between the following terms:
i) Pharynx and larynx ii) Transcytosis and anastomosis
(6 marks)
b) Explain briefly the meaning of the following terms
i) Fever
ii) Open circulatory system
(4 marks)
2.
a) List five differences between vein and arteries.
(5 marks)
b) Write short notes on the following:
i) Electrolyte balance in marine vertebrates
ii) Cold hardiness in animals living in Polar Regions.
(5 marks)
3.
a) Give the chemical composition of mammalian saliva and hence its functions.
(5 marks)
b) Describe the digestive role of duodenum.
(5 marks)
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