a)Organization information systems are categorized under:
i)Transaction Processing System (TPS)
ii)Management Information Systems (MIS)
iii)Decision Support System (DSS)
iv)Executive Information System (EIS)
v)Expert Systems (ES)
Required:
Suggest one application of each of the systems types listed above for each of the following functional areas of business:
•Sales and marketing. (5 marks)
•Finance (5 marks)
b)What impact might end-user computing have on the organization of information technology functions? (6 marks)
c)Suggest examples of activities end-users might not be responsible for.(4 marks)
(Total: 20 marks)

QUESTION TWO
Photocopying is based on the simple idea that people can express more easily what they like or do not like about an actual working system.
Required:
(a)(i)Examine four guidelines required for the development of a prototype. (8 marks)
(ii)Select two facilities usually found in fourth generation languages (4GLs) and explain their application in developing a prototype system. (4 marks)
(b)Explain how the use of Information Technology (IT) can bring about improvements in productivity within a business organization. (8 Marks)
(Total: 20 marks)

QUESTION THREE
Access control is the restriction of unauthorized access to a portion of a computer system or the entire system.
Required:
a)Explain the following control techniques and their significance in the context of data security.
i)Biometric control (4 marks)
ii)Encryption (4 marks)
iii)Logical access (3 marks)
Application controls can be classified into three major categories, processing controls and output controls.

b)Describe the objective of each control and examine the techniques within each to ensure maintenance of maximum feasible levels of control. (9 marks)
(Total: 20 marks)

QUESTION FOUR
a)“Most systems are obsolescent the day they become operational”. Comment on this statement giving six key reasons why changes to a system are so often necessary after it has been implemented. (8 marks)
b)Give and explain two reasons, in each circumstance why the boot-up programs are stored.
i)In ROM
ii)On Disk (8 marks)

c)Describe the functional characteristics and applicability of the backing store.(4 marks)
(Total: 20 marks)

QUESTION FIVE
A company is to produce a suite of programs to provide a payroll analysis system. The raw data for the program input is as follows:
• Pay rate
• Hours worked

The logics of how to compute tax and NHIF are shown below.

Tax computation
Amount of pay £ Rate of Taxation
0 – 1000 No tax
1001 – 2000 1% of gross pay
2001 – 3000 2% of gross pay
Above – 3000 4% of gross pay

NHIF Computation
Amount in £ Rate
0 – 2500 2.4% of gross pay
2501 and above 3% of gross pay

Required:
a)Draw a detailed program flow chart that will perform the following tasks:
•Accept the above raw data.
•Compute and display Gross pay, Tax, NHIF and Net pay. (16 marks)

b) What is the purpose of programming standards? (4 marks)
(Total: 20 marks)

QUESTION SIX
Electronic Commerce (e-commerce) is an emerging concept that describes the buying and selling of products, services and information via the computer networks including the internet.
Required:
a)Brief explanation of the following concepts as relates to e-commerce:
i)Electronic market. (2 marks)
ii)Electronic purse. (2 marks)
iii)Cyber banking. (2 marks)
iv)Cyber mall. (2 marks)

b)Examine the benefits of e-commerce to consumers. (12 marks)
(Total: 20 marks)

QUESTION SEVEN
a)Business process re-engineering (BPR) is the fundamental rethinking and radical redesign of business process to achieve a dramatic improvement in measures of performance such as quality, cost, speed and services.
Required:
i)List the steps of BPR. (4 marks)
ii)Critically examine the role information technology (IT) plays in BPR (8 marks)

b)The general manager of a large organisation has asked you to draw up a document identifying eight important system characteristics against which managers can evaluate the success of an information system together with a brief explanation of each. What would your document contain? (8 marks)
(Total: 20 marks)

QUESTION EIGHT
Management Information Systems should facilitate decision-making at all levels of management.Each level requires information with different characteristics and with differing degree of profitability.
Required:
a)Examine the characteristics of information used in (i) strategic planning and (ii) operational control. (11 marks)
b)Discuss the features of deterministic, stochastic and adaptive systems. Give a practical example of each type of system. (9 marks)
(Total: 20 marks)

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