Question 12 pts
In 1832 a South Carolina state convention:
declared the tariffs of 1828 and 1832 null and void within the state.
ordered the state militia to arrest customs officials and impound their collections.
declared that the state had seceded from the Union.
threatened to raise an army to march on Washington, D.C., and arrest Jackson for his unconstitutional actions.
Flag this QuestionQuestion 22 pts
In what way did John C. Calhouns arguments in the Nullification crisis fit into American constitutional and political history?
They postponed arguments based on states rights until well into the twentieth century.
They revived arguments made by the Antifederalists in the debate over the Constitutions ratification and by Jefferson and Madison in the Kentucky and Virginia resolutions of 1798.
They rested on the principle that the checks and balances built into the Constitution tended to make government tyrannical.
They rested on the assertion that sovereignty lay with the people of the United States, not with the various political units.
Flag this QuestionQuestion 32 pts
When southern cotton producers moved West, they moved primarily to:
Missouri, Nebraska, Michigan, and Wisconsin.
northern parts of Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois.
southern parts of Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois.
Mississippi, Alabama, Arkansas, and Louisiana.
Flag this QuestionQuestion 42 pts
Samuel Slater:
was a British manufacturer who decided to relocate his cotton mill to the United States in 1796 because of his republican sympathies.
had worked for the British inventor who developed the most advanced machinery for spinning cotton, and he was able to replicate these machines from memory after he immigrated to the United States in 1789.
became a partner with the American merchant Richard Arkwright to set up the first American cotton mill in Providence, Rhode Island, in 1790.
was a wealthy Boston merchant who in 1811 spent a holiday touring British textile mills and secretly took notes on what he saw, so as later to be able to build an improved version of the machinery in New England.
Flag this QuestionQuestion 52 pts
British textile manufacturers were able to out-compete American manufacturers because they possessed all of the following advantages except:
low shipping rates.
low interest rates.
low wages.
abundant cotton production at home.
Flag this QuestionQuestion 62 pts
During his presidency, John Ouincy Adams:
became the most popular president since George Washington but decided not to seek reelection, saying, If my country wants my services, she must ask for them.
joined with southern state officials to start the removal of native Americans from the Southeast.
failed to use political patronage to reward his supporters, maintaining hostile politicians in their offices as long as they were competent.
perfected the use of political patronage within his party.
Flag this QuestionQuestion 72 pts
The free workers who faced the worst working and living conditions were:
mill hands.
mechanics.
day laborers.
canal-boat crews.
Flag this QuestionQuestion 82 pts
In his view of states rights, John C. Calhoun believed that:
each state supreme court had the power to determine whether a federal law would be law in that state.
a state convention in any state could declare a federal law null and void in that state alone; such a decree would stand only until the Constitution was amended by three-fourths of all the states to give the federal government the power to carry out the nullified law.
a state convention in any state could be called to declare a federal law null and void in all the states.
each state legislature should be consulted when national laws were passed.
Flag this QuestionQuestion 92 pts
Between roughly the 1790s and the 1840s there were three major streams, or migration patterns, of people settling the American interior. Which of the following wasnot one of these streams?
from the Northeast, upstate New York, and the Middle Atlantic states into the Great Lakes Basin
from the area of the old southern colonies into the Old Southwest
from New Orleans up the Mississippi River Valley into the Ohio and Missouri Valleys
from the Chesapeake region and the Upper South into the southern parts of Ohio, Indiana, and Illinois
Flag this QuestionQuestion 102 pts
For political advice, President Jackson relied on:
several key western senators, such as Henry Clay and Thomas Hart Benton.
his cabinet officers.
an informal group of advisors, called the Kitchen Cabinet.
Vice-President John C. Calhoun.
Flag this QuestionQuestion 112 pts
According to a letter by Margaret Bayard Smith, Andrew Jacksons first inauguration was:
a thoroughly raucous affair, with the Democratic Party encouraging Jacksons supporters to stage a boisterous parade before he took the oath and then to mob the White House reception
marred by his supporters mobbing the White House during a post-inaugural reception.
quiet and dignified; reports of raucous behavior by his supporters were unfounded.
the first such ceremony in history to feature military parades, honoring Jacksons victory in the Battle of New Orleans.
Flag this QuestionQuestion 122 pts
Cities such as Buffalo, Chicago, and Detroit grew rapidly in the 1830s because:
they facilitated the transfer of goods between the East and the West.
their mayors and other city officials used public funds to build new ports and harbors to increase trade.
they were located where goods had to be transferred from one mode of transportation to another.
their location facilitated the use of water power in factories.
Flag this QuestionQuestion 132 pts
In 1830 Jackson vetoed a bill to extend the National Road to Lexington, Kentucky, giving as his reason:
his preference that a company headed by his own supporters build the road.
that it was an infringement on the power of the states.
his fear that the road would facilitate the flight of fugitive slaves.
Kentuckians failure to support him in the 1828 election.
Flag this QuestionQuestion 142 pts
Jacksons practice of appointing loyal members of his party to public offices became known as:
the caucus system.
the spoils system.
patronage.
the rotation system.
Flag this QuestionQuestion 152 pts
From 1820 to 1840 the most rapidly growing American cities were:
those west of the Mississippi River.
the new industrial towns that sprang up along the fall line.
the cotton-trading centers of the South.
those west of the Appalachian Mountains.
Flag this QuestionQuestion 162 pts
All of the following men were candidates for the presidency in 1824 except:
John Quincy Adams
William H. Crawford.
James Monroe.
Henry Clay.
Flag this QuestionQuestion 172 pts
In Cincinnati, which became an important meatpacking center in the 1830s and 1840s, the introduction of factory methods in the packing industry meant that:
large numbers of farm families throughout southern Ohio and northern Kentucky were enlisted in an outwork system of hog butchers and meat picklers.
a few simple mechanical devices were used along an assembly line of meat packers who each had a specific task.
sophisticated meat-processing machinery was imported from Great Britain and operated by experienced factory workers.
rural workers were retrained in the new technical skills they would need as factory workers.
Flag this QuestionQuestion 182 pts
In an anonymous tract, The South Carolina Exposition and Protest, John C. Calhoun:
argued that only a referendum by the people could decide whether or not an act of Congress was constitutional.
argued that the federal government could never interfere with southern slavery
claimed that any dissident state had the option of seceding from the Union if three-fourths of the other states ratified an amendment giving Congress the power to enforce a law that the state considered unconstitutional.
refuted the arguments of Jefferson and Madison in the Kentucky and Virginia resolutions of 1798.
Flag this QuestionQuestion 192 pts
Which of the following can most accurately be described as significant characteristics of the industrial and market revolution that occurred in the American economy during the first half of the nineteenth century?
By 1860 the United States became the worlds fifth-ranking manufacturing nation, behind only Britain, France, Germany, and the Netherlands.
Business leaders of the Northeast drove mechanization forward and incorporated the trans-Appalachian West into the industrial economy.
Productivity declined as standards of industrial craftsmanship were lost.
All of the above.
Flag this QuestionQuestion 202 pts
In their sweep to victory in 1828, Jackson and Calhoun captured states in all of the following regions except:
New England.
the Upper South.
the Old Northwest.
the mid-Atlantic region.
Flag this QuestionQuestion 212 pts
All of the following were technological innovations introduced by the Connecticut inventor Eli Whitney except the:
prototype of the cotton gin.
first milling machine to cut metal.
first fully developed system of mass production.
idea of interchangeable parts in the production process.
Flag this QuestionQuestion 222 pts
The corrupt bargain was the political intrigue that resulted when the presidential election of 1824 was decided in the House of Representatives; the essence of the arrangement was:
Jacksons successful effort to get John C. Calhoun to withdraw from the presidential race and become his vice-presidential running mate, with the understanding that Calhoun would run for president in the next election.
John Quincy Adamss apparent deal with Henry Clay whereby Clays supporters in the House voted for Adams, who then named Clay his secretary of state.
bribes paid by John Quincy Adamss wealthy New England backers to purchase the votes of enough members of the House to ensure his election.
the efforts of the three slave-holding presidential candidates (Jackson, Crawford, and Clay) to unite to block the election of anti-slavery John Ouincy Adams; the effort collapsed when Clay refused to withdraw, thereby enabling Adams to win.
Flag this QuestionQuestion 232 pts
The development of machine tools is significant because they:
facilitated the repair of complicated equipment.
produced machines that made standardized parts rapidly and cheaply.
produced machines that could be run by women and children factory workers.
were of higher quality than similar British equipment.
Flag this QuestionQuestion 242 pts
The places where rivers cascaded from the Appalachian foothills to the Atlantic coastal plain are significant in the history of American industrialization because:
early industrial entrepreneurs had to avoid them in order to keep their machinery from being damaged by rust.
here water-powered mills and factories were most efficiently operated.
the falling water made it easy to generate electrical power for factories.
they divided the areas of the eastern seaboard in which British machinery could be cheaply imported from places where transportation costs made the use of such machinery prohibitively expensive.
Flag this QuestionQuestion 252 pts
Beginning in the late 1810s, one state after another revised its constitution to broaden popular participation in politics. This change was primarily a consequence of:
an assault on the old deferential order of American society, driven by the settlement of the trans-Appalachian West.
the popularity of Andrew Jackson as a champion of democratic politics immediately following his victory over the British at New Orleans.
encouragement by presidents James Madison and James Monroe, both staunch Jeffersonian democrats.
the Second Great Awakening and especially the support that popular preachers like Charles Grandison Finney gave to the dignity of ordinary people.
