Question 1:

There is a need to reduce the amount of pollution from airborne particulates in cities all over the world. A major factor is exhaust emissions from diesel or petrol engines. The search is on for an alternative fuel that produces lower pollution.

Write a one page article on current research activity being carried out by private and public sectors to utilize alternative fuel sources that give less pollution.

Question 2:

Scenario –

Between the 1930s and 1980s, millions of industrial and domestic refrigerators and freezers were produced which used chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) gases as the refrigerant and in insulating materials. CFC gases did not degrade the fridge, were non-flammable, not poisonous in the event of a leak, and seemed to be an ideal replacement for the original refrigerants such as ammonia that were smelly, corrosive, poisonous and not particularly efficient. However, it transpired that CFC gases are damaging to the environment, depleting the ozone layer that protects us from the harmful ultraviolet components of the sun’s rays.

Identify and summarize the most current research that has been carried on this topic in the last 20 years (max two pages).

Question 3:

For the research areas or trends identified in Q.2, provide, as bullet points, a list of methods by which these research initiatives plan to solve the problem. (Note: This is often termed an outline essay/report).