One of the issues on the agenda of a certain management meeting is the high level of absenteeism. Te director addresses this issue by comparing absentee fgures for the past two years to the average fgures for the industry. Te results of that comparison are grim. Absenteeism is much too high and needs to be addressed. Several potential causes are ofered: • Some feel that work in the manufacturing warehouse is unhealthy. There is too much noise pollution, temperatures are too high in summer and too low in winter. Te work is physically demanding. • Others blame the issues on a careless selection of employees – since there are quite a few whose absentee fgures are rather high. • A third group blames lack of leadership. The metaphorical distance from the production team to the rest of the organisation is, which is detrimental to the commitment of those employees to the organisation. All parties agree that the source of the absenteeism is the production foor. a Which phases of problem-solving and decision-making have been covered? b To what extent have these phases been covered adequately? c In which feld of decision-making is this problem located?