1. D agreed to make certain alterations to an expensive dress that E had purchased. A violent storm caused the roof of D’s shop to leak, and the dress was stained by the rain entering the building. D offered to have the dress professionally cleaned to remove the water stains, but E refused and attempted to remove the stains herself. Her attempt was unsuccessful, and the dress was ruined. Advise

D and E.

2. Eduard purchases an expensive coffee-maker from a store, advertised as an “end-of line,” “all sales final” special. The coffee-maker leaks constantly, sending most of the coffee to the countertop. What kind of breach of contract does this represent?