1. What causes the differences in IQ among different groups of people?

2. How many kinds of intelligence are there?

● Some psychologists consider intelligence to be one thing, and others conceive of multiple intelligences.

● Howard Gardner argues that there are at least eight independent kinds of intelligence.

● Robert Sternberg defines three separate types: analytic, creative, and practical intelligence.

● Daniel Goleman distinguishes between academic intelligence and emotional intelligence—the ability to perceive, express, understand, and regulate emotions.

● Charles Spearman proposed a factor called general intelligence, or g, which he believed underlies all multiple intelligences.