February 1, 2023

Criminal Justice 50 Multiple Choice

The Latin term meaning “father of his country” which is implied as meaning the government is the true guardian of the needy and infirmed children.

__________________ were a sixteenth century English set of laws which vagrants and abandoned and neglected children were bound to masters as indentured servants.

Early English courts established to protect the property rights and welfare of the minor children of affluent families.

Civic leaders who focused their attention on the misdeeds of poor children to control their behavior were called:

In 1816, The Society for the Prevention of Pauperism was established to:

When the first House of Refuge opened in New York the Society for the Prevention of Pauperism and the __________________ were influential in establishing such positive steps for juveniles.

In 1853, New York philanthropist Charles Loring Brace helped developed the _______________________ as an alternative for dealing with neglected and delinquent youths.

The first juvenile court was established in this state in 1899.

The Juvenile Court Act of 1899 set up an independent court to handle criminal law violations by children under 16 years of age as well as created:

10.

The case of the Kent v. United States (1966) ruled that:

11.

The ___________________________ established the a federal office on delinquency prevention and was enacted to identify the needs of youth and to fund programs aimed at deterring juvenile crime.

12.

A noncriminal youth who falls under the jurisdiction of the courts by reason of having engaged in behavior prohibited to minors, such as truancy.

13.

The Court case of ________________ ruled that a minor has basic due process rights at trial.

14.

The Court case of ________________ ruled that the level of evidence for the finding of juvenile delinquency is proof beyond a reasonable doubt.

15.

Held that the Fourth Amendment guarantee against unreasonable searches is not violated by drug testing all students who choose to participate in interscholastic athletics.

16.

In 1974, Congress passed the ______________________, which provides funds to states to bolster their services for maltreated children and their parents.

17.

According to the shifting philosophies of juvenile justice outlined in your text, the time from 1950-1970 recognized that:

18.

There are more than 450 juvenile ________________ who focus on providing treatment for youth accused of substance abuse offenses.

19.

A program developed in Arizona in an effort to reduce adolescent involvement in criminal behavior that has since been added to school curricula in all 50 states is known as:

20.

The Supreme Court held that the _______________ protections against unreasonable search and seizures apply to students but that the need to maintain an orderly educational environment modifies the needs for warrants and probable cause.

21.

Which of the following is not a Supreme Court case dealing with searching for drugs in association with students or school?

22.

The temporary care of a child alleged to be a delinquent or status offender who requires secure custody, pending a court disposition.

23.

The landmark case of Schall v. Martin upheld the right of states to:

24.

A practice in which the juvenile court relinquishes its jurisdiction over a juvenile and transfers the case to adult court.

25.

A type of juvenile waiver that gives discretion to the prosecutor to file charges for certain legislatively designated offenses in either juvenile or criminal court.

26.

A type of juvenile waiver where state laws exclude from juvenile court jurisdiction certain offenses that are either very minor or very serious.

27.

A type of waiver that after a transfer hearing at which both prosecutor and defense attorney present evidence, a juvenile court judge may decide to waive jurisdiction and transfer the case to criminal court.

28.

A type of waiver where state laws mandate that certain offenses be tried in adult court but once the case is heard, the trial judge can recommend the offender would be better served in the juvenile system.

29.

The hearing in which a judge decides whether to waive a juvenile to criminal court is called:

30.

The landmark case of Roper v. Simmons (2005) ruled that:

31.

The Supreme Court ruled that the juvenile death penalty was in violation of which Amendment?

32.

In the juvenile system, the initial appearance most likely resembles the _____________ in adult court.

33.

For juvenile offenders, the ____________________ is equivalent to the sentencing phase in an adult criminal case.

34.

In comparison to the adult court, the sentencing phase is said to be:

35.

The decision of a judge who orders an adjudicated and sentenced juvenile offender to be placed in a correctional facility.

36.

____________________ involves treating offenders who would normally have been sent to a secure treatment facility as part of a very small probation caseload that receives almost daily scrutiny.

37.

The typical resident of a juvenile facility is a:

38.

The attempt to remove the warehousing of youths in juvenile facilities with little deterrent effects is known as:

39.

A balanced, highly structured, comprehensive continuum of intervention for serious and violent juvenile offenders returning to the community is known as:

40.

Aubrey Jamison, a 17 year old student, is arrested for possession of marijuana in her high school after an anonymous tip led the principal and guidance counselor to search her locker and the belongings in the locker. In her purse was found a small about of the narcotic and 3 prescription strength oxycodone pills. Using this information, answer the following questions:

Aubrey’s parents sued the school district stating the search was unconstitutional and without a valid warrant the search should not be allowed. Based on Supreme Court rulings:

41.

If upon finding the prescription drugs, the principal and guidance counsel conducted a strip search on Ms. Jamison the Court would rule:

42.

Given this was Ms. Jamison’s first offense and that she is a model student, it is likely the judge my focus on providing her treatment in a court for substance abusers known as:

43.

Keith Reed, a 15 year old male, white, no priors, is brought in for questioning for larceny of several hundred dollars worth of computer parts from a warehouse in downtown Cincinnati. Using this information, walk Mr. Reed through the juvenile court system.

Mr. Reed, when questioned was arrested. He was released to his parents as he was not deemed a threat risk. If he was deemed a risk to himself or to the community he would have been:

44.

Given the nature of the case, the decision to file charges in criminal court and waive the juvenile is placed in the hands of the prosecutor. This is called:

45.

If the case was more to adult court due the nature of the crime resulting in a felony based on the worth of the property stolen, but the judge later finds that the juvenile would be better served in the juvenile system, this would be an example of:

46.

If the decision was to leave the juvenile in the adult criminal courts; the decision of the judge to place the offender in a correctional facility would be called:

47.

A young female, age 16, is arrested for the third time in a two-year period for possession of drugs, curfew violations, and obstruction of justice for lying to police. Using this information, answer the following questions:

The commonly used formal sanction for juveniles is probation, however, in this case an alternative correctional practice called ________________, which uses daily supervision by an assigned probation officer and may include other restrictions and penalties called that may be more useful.

48.

Due to a rise in gang related crime in the juvenile’s neighborhood and school district, the city will begin using what program used in in all 50 states to combat juvenile criminal violence.

49.

Having threatened to kill herself after her third arrest, the court ruled that ______________, or the temporary care of a delinquent who may harm herself be given.

50.

At her juvenile sentencing or _________________, the female was given 1 year in juvenile detention with mandatory drug counseling and anger management.

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Criminal Justice 50 Multiple Choice

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