i) Discuss the parameters of a national state as defined by the Montevideo convention on rights and duties of states of 1933. (8 marks)
ii) Citing relevant examples, distinguish between first and second generation multilateral environmental agreements. (8 marks)
iii) Asses the contribution of international organization in global environmental governance. (10 marks)
iv) Briefly explain the Latin maxim “pacta sunt servada” and show its application in international relations. (4 marks)
With reference to specific examples, discuss four key actions taken to realize objectives of the ramsar convention in Kenya. (20 marks)
discuss the procedural steps in environmental treaty making (20 marks)
i) Examine the importance of environmental enforcement programmes (10 marks)
ii) Discuss the roles of nation states in international treaty making (10 marks)
discuss in depth factors that affect success of international environmental governance instruments (20 marks)
i) Write short notes about the following (5 marks each)
environmental activism
environmental literature
litigation
ii) Suppose you are an environmental advocate in Kenya and has identified poaching as an environmental problem threatening the realization of Vision 2030, explain five strategies that should be put in place to tackle the problem (15 marks)
Using relevant examples, discuss environmental advocacy roles played by national environmental lobby groups in Kenya. (20 marks)
a) Discuss how organizations can mainstream environmental reporting in their operations (20 marks)
b) Explain how the Global Environmental facility can apply any of the five principles of environmental extension in its mandate (10 marks)
Discuss five global environmental issues covered by the Kenyan media and describe how this coverage contributes to Kenyan development. (20 marks)
a) Identify and discuss exhaustively, any five forms of advocacy through which community development could be promoted. (10 marks)
b) Explain ways in which environmental health could improve through environmental activism (10 marks)
