Answer the following questions referring to the PulseNew.xls data:

(a) Is there any sign that the proportion who ran is different for males versus females? Perform a hypothesis test (resampling or formula), state your conclusion in plain English that would be understandable to someone who never took a statistics course.

(b) Is there evidence here that the “before” pulse rate differs between smokers and nonsmokers? Medical theory suggests that smoking elevates the pulse rate. Perform a hypothesis test (resampling or formula).

(c) We would expect running in place to affect a person’s pulse rate. Test whether before and after pulse rates are the same