A 62-year-old woman undergoes a lysis of adhesions and bowel resection for small-bowel obstruction secondary to radiation enteritis after treatment for ovarian cancer. A jejunostomy is placed to facilitate nutritional repletion. Which of the following statements is true regarding postoperative nutrition?

a. Enteral nutrition has no advantages over parenteral nutrition in postoperative patients.

b. Institution of enteral feeding within 24 hours postoperatively is safe.

c. Institution of enteral feeding should be delayed until bowel function returns as evidenced by passage of flatus or a bowel movement.

d. Parenteral nutrition should be instituted immediately postoperatively and continued until enteral feeds have been initiated.

e. Return of gastric motility postoperatively occurs before return of small-bowel motility.