Lesson 3 & 4 Exam Part 2

Question 1 2.5 / 2.5 points

Hypophosphatemia (vitamin D-resistant rickets) is inherited as a sex-linked dominant trait. The relevant gene is found on the X chromosome. What is the expected outcome of a cross between a homozygous recessive woman and a man with hypophosphatemia?

Question options:

All of their daughters and none of their sons exhibit hypophosphatemia.

Fifty percent of their daughters and fifty percent of their sons exhibit hypophosphatemia.

All of their sons and none of their daughters exhibit hypophosphatemia.

Twenty-five percent of their offspring exhibit hypophosphatemia.

Question 2 2.5 / 2.5 points

In humans, the presence or absence of dimples is a trait controlled by a single gene. What is the genotype of an individual who is heterozygous for dimples?

Question options:

<i>DD</i>

<i>Dd</i>

<i>dd</i>

<i>DI</i>

Question 3 2.5 / 2.5 points

Which of these techniques could tell you how gene expression differs between individuals with and without cystic fibrosis?

Question options:

Therapeutic cloning

DNA microarray

Reproductive cloning

Karyotyping

Question 4 2.5 / 2.5 points

Which of these is most likely to cause the development of a six-legged frog?

Question options:

Mutation of homeotic genes

Artificial selection

Dietary supplementation

Conversion of a proto-oncogene to an oncogene

Question 5 2.5 / 2.5 points

Which of the following turns off transcription by binding to the operator?

Question options:

RNA polymerase

Repressor

Promoter

Lactose

Question 6 2.5 / 2.5 points

The region of DNA where RNA synthesis begins is the:

Question options:

start codon.

promoter.

initiator.

processor.

Question 7 2.5 / 2.5 points

The absence of a terminator in transcription will result in:

Question options:

the creation of a virus.

a strand of mRNA that lacks its cap and tail.

the production of a longer RNA molecule.

the production of a shorter RNA molecule.

Question 8 2.5 / 2.5 points

Which of the following enzymes is responsible for RNA synthesis?

Question options:

RNase

RNA helicase

RNA ligase

RNA polymerase

Question 9 0 / 2.5 points

Reproductive cloning can:

Question options:

reacquire the genes it lost during the course of development.

come from an early stage of embryonic development.

be differentiated.

be implanted in the egg of an organism that is capable of regenerating lost body parts.

Question 10 2.5 / 2.5 points

A couple has two female children. What is the probability that their next child will be male?

Question options:

25%

50%

33%

67%

Question 11 2.5 / 2.5 points

Where is translation accomplished?

Question options:

Lysosomes

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Ribosomes

Nucleoli

Question 12 2.5 / 2.5 points

In eukaryotic cells, repressor proteins inhibit transcription by binding to:

Question options:

silencers.

enhancers.

regulators.

operators.

Question 13 2.5 / 2.5 points

A mating between a purebred purple-flowered pea plant and a purebred white-flowered pea plant would produce a(n):

Question options:

purebred variety.

hybrid.

P generation.

F₂ generation.

Question 14 2.5 / 2.5 points

Which risk factors are associated with cancer of the colon and rectum?

Question options:

Tobacco

Radio waves

UV radiation

Dietary fat

Question 15 2.5 / 2.5 points

The __________ is most commonly found in nature.

Question options:

recessive trait

wild-type trait

parental

dominant trait

Question 16 2.5 / 2.5 points

Which of the following techniques is used to collect fetal cells during pregnancy for genetic testing?

Question options:

Testcross

Dihybrid cross

Amniocentesis

Pedigree analysis

Question 17 2.5 / 2.5 points

Transcription is the:

Question options:

manufacture of a strand of RNA complementary to a strand of DNA.

manufacture of two new DNA double helices that are identical to an old DNA double helix.

modification of a strand of RNA prior to the manufacture of a protein.

manufacture of a protein based on information carried by RNA.

Question 18 2.5 / 2.5 points

More people die of __________ cancer than of any other cancer.

Question options:

lung

skin

pancreatic

breast

Question 19 2.5 / 2.5 points

What is the ultimate source of all diversity?

Question options:

Natural selection

Sexual recombination

Meiosis

Mutation

Question 20 2.5 / 2.5 points

__________ genes violate Mendel’s principle of independent assortment.

Question options:

Codominant

Linked

Recessive

Pleiotropic

Lesson 3 & 4 Exam Part 1

Question 21 0 / 2.5 points

The Calvin cycle makes direct use of __________ to make __________.

Question options:

light energy and CO₂; sugar

CO₂, ATP, and NADPH; sugar and O₂

light energy, CO₂, and water; sugar and O₂

CO₂, ATP, and NADPH; sugar

Question 22 2.5 / 2.5 points

What is the function of stomata?

Question options:

Water absorption

Calvin cycle

Location of photosystems

Gas exchange

Question 23 2.5 / 2.5 points

Which of the following is an autotroph?

Question options:

Human

Mushroom

Pine tree

Fish

Question 24 2.5 / 2.5 points

How many chromosomes does an individual with Turner syndrome have?

Question options:

2<i>n</i> + 1

<i>n</i> + 1

2<i>n</i> – 1

<i>n</i> – 1

Question 25 2.5 / 2.5 points

What waste product do yeast produce under anaerobic conditions?

Question options:

Ethyl alcohol

Pyruvic acid

Lactic acid

Creatine

Question 26 2.5 / 2.5 points

What name is given to a discrete packet of light?

Question options:

Phaser

Wavelength

Photon

Quantum

Question 27 2.5 / 2.5 points

The ultimate source of the energy in food is:

Question options:

the sun.

producers.

ATP.

consumers.

Question 28 2.5 / 2.5 points

During metaphase:

Question options:

the nuclear envelope breaks up.

sister chromatids separate.

centromeres divide.

chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell.

Question 29 2.5 / 2.5 points

What is responsible for the yellow-orange coloration of leaves in the fall?

Question options:

RuBP

<p> Chlorophyll <i>a</i></p>

Carotenoids

<p> Chlorophyll <i>b</i></p>

Question 30 2.5 / 2.5 points

One difference between mitosis and meiosis is:

Question options:

mitosis produces cells genetically identical to the parent cell, but meiosis does not.

mitosis produces more daughter cells than meiosis.

mitosis produces haploid cells, but meiosis produces diploid cells.

mitosis requires only one parent cell, but meiosis requires two parent cells.

Question 31 2.5 / 2.5 points

When a molecule absorbs a photon, one of its electrons is raised to the __________ state.

Question options:

energetic

quantum

higher

excited

Question 32 2.5 / 2.5 points

What is the difference between a benign and a malignant tumor?

Question options:

Benign tumors are composed of cancer cells; malignant tumors are not.

Benign tumors are not the result of a failure of a cell cycle control system; malignant tumors are.

Benign tumors do not metastasize; malignant tumors do.

Benign tumors do not form lumps; malignant tumors do form lumps.

Question 33 2.5 / 2.5 points

The light reactions of photosynthesis take place:

Question options:

in the stroma.

on the cristae.

in the thylakoid membrane.

in the cytosol.

Question 34 2.5 / 2.5 points

If a plant appears blue to us, what wavelength of light is being reflected?

Question options:

Blue

Green

Red

Yellow

Question 35 2.5 / 2.5 points

A child is born with a rare disease in which mitochondria are missing from certain skeletal muscle cells. Physicians find that the muscle cells function. Not surprisingly, they also find that:

Question options:

the muscles contain large amounts of lactic acid following even mild physical exercise.

the muscles contain large amounts of carbon dioxide following even mild physical exercise.

the muscles require extremely high levels of oxygen to function.

the muscle cells cannot split glucose to pyruvic acid.

Question 36 2.5 / 2.5 points

A horse eating some hay is an example of:

Question options:

an autotroph eating a producer.

an autotroph eating a consumer.

a consumer eating a producer.

a consumer eating a heterotroph.

Question 37 2.5 / 2.5 points

Electron transport takes place in the:

Question options:

mitochondria.

chloroplasts.

cytoplasm.

ribosomes.

Question 38 2.5 / 2.5 points

A __________ describes a site of crossing over.

Question options:

chiasma

histone

synapse

centromere

Question 39 2.5 / 2.5 points

A(n) __________ is an example of an organism that can sometimes reproduce asexually.

Question options:

cat

human

Komodo dragon

mouse

Question 40 2.5 / 2.5 points

Chromosomes that do not determine the sex of an individual are called:

Question options:

homologous chromosomes.

nonhomologous chromosomes.

sex chromosomes.

autosomes.