An important quality characteristic used by the manufacturers of ABC asphalt shingles is the amount of moisture the shingles contain when they are packaged. Customers may feel that they have purchased a product lacking in quality if they find moisture and wet shingles inside the packaging. In some cases, excessive moisture can cause the granules attached to the shingles for texture and coloring purposes to fall off the shingles resulting in appearance problems. To monitor the amount of moisture present, the company conducts moisture tests. A shingle is weighed and then dried. The shingle is then reweighed, and based on the amount of moisture taken out of the product, the pounds of moisture per 100 square feet are calculated. The company would like to show that the mean moisture content is less than 0.35 pound per 100 square feet.

The file (A & B shingles.csv) includes 36 measurements (in pounds per 100 square feet) for A shingles and 31 for B shingles.

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3.1 Do you think there is evidence that mean moisture contents in both types of shingles are within the permissible limits? State your conclusions clearly showing all steps.

3.2 Do you think that the population mean for shingles A and B are equal? Form the hypothesis and conduct the test of the hypothesis. What assumption do you need to check before the test for equality of means is performed?

here I am looking for how the P value is calculated when test statistic is negative mainly in python.