8.23 How does the grain direction in sheet metal affect the design of:

(a) Bending dies (b) Blanking dies

8.24 Generally, the die opening is straight up to a certain length and tapered thereafter. Explain the reason

for such a shape.

8.25 In die shearing operations, die size is the hole size and punch size is the blank size. Explain the

validity of the above statement with supporting reasons.

8.26 Where are the following used?

(a) Rigid blank holder (b) Spring loaded blank holder